The Preliminary Task:

For our preliminary task we were asked to create a short show which lasts for 30-40 sec and to create this a software called audacity will be used for the recording.

  Above you can see a short video of my group discussing what our show is about and how our show will play out and if anyone had anything they wanted to change on our first draft of the script as well as if they had any issues with the parts given to them. It was also a good time to discuss the jingles and archives we are going to use. The video above also says what our show is about as the description of the script and plan of the show is being discussed.

On the right you can see a screenshot which is a draft our script. This is our first draft which means improvements will be made as we start recording and come up with new ideas. The script consists of a Presenter and a guest . There will also be jingles and archives as it is required to make this show.

This is the finalised script. We had to edit it as our show was over the time we were given to work with and we made it more organised as it wasn't very clear before about where sound effects would go as well as the lines so we re-arranged it in a simpler format and it is colour coded to make it easier.

Flowchart:

On the left you can see a flowchart which shows how out 30-40sec piece of audio is going to go. It shows each stage of our production which make it easier in seeing which pieces of audio goes when editing. 

What our show is about?

Our show is about the release of the new mean girls movie Mean Girls Reunion which we thought would interest our people because it is a popular movie enjoyed by many because of how amusing it is . This is why we thought of making a show about a movie release where the characters are coming back together . The show will include a short interview with Rachel McAdam's who plays Regina George in the movie. She is the most hated character because of the persona she takes on which is why we chose her to be interviewed as it would be more entertaining. 

Jingle, Archive & Sound Effects:

Below there are two recordings. The first one is our archive which I took a bit of to add into our show as a description of  Regina George. It is lively and it is a famous piece in mean girls which means the audience will recognise it right away. The paparazzi side effect was used to create the atmosphere of the red carpet because that is where our interview was taking place.

Production:

Above is what the completed show looks like. By changing the script to make dialogue shorter we managed to lose a few seconds which allowed our production to go from 45sec to 39sec which means we managed to stay in the time we were given.As you can see each track is labelled so you can identify who  is speaking and  what each piece of audio is.

Preliminary Task:

As you can see below is our completed preliminary task which consists of all the research we have done which can be seen above. Our production consists of what the brief asks of us as it has a jingle,archive,interview,sound effects, presenter and the duration is nearly 4min long which is asked of us.

The roles of everyone:

Sophia Tiwari 6139(myself)-Editing and flow chart making
Shaneia DaCosta 6031-Script writing and flow chart making
Ronan Guia 6057- Collected audio
Monet Clarke 6057-Collected audio

Research & Planning:

What are News Values?

Below is a presentation about what are news values. In this presentation many different factors will be presented to what should be considered when making a good story as the values in the presentation are taken into account when making a good story.

What makes a good news story?

The article on the left would make a good news story as it captures the readers attention straight away as it is hocking that women are being told to be more feminine because it is 'better for the business world'. This is a captivating article as it is surprising that in the 21st century their are issues surrounding women and the way they dress and we can interpret from this that women are not always being employed for their abilities but by their appearance which is beyond shocking in this era of time.











The article also makes the news good as it consists of the face of a women who has to 'fix' her appearance before going to work. This tells us alot about our society which is that our looks matter more than our actual abilities. However, it is targeted at a specific demographic which is females. The article also includes facts and statistics which makes a good story as it is the truth and it informs people about society's view on women today.

This article also makes good news as it consists of different opinions on the idea that women have to dress a certain way in the business world. This shows us that the article is presenting another perspective of the situation which shows us that it is not a biased article. Th fact that it gives more than one opinion tells us that it is good news as it considers other points of view as well as other voices in this story.

Understanding Genre:

News Broadcast - Codes & Conventions:

Our task was to chose a local radio broadcast and identify the codes and conventions that are presented within the broadcast. In order to do this we recorded the news using audacity and put each code and convention on different tracks.The radio show I will be analysing is BBC Radio Manchester as we had to pick a station which is local.We had to listen in live and we had to record the news in whatever we please to record as news is tend to be told every hour.

What is News?:

News is information delivered to the public by someone who is trusted about either a catastrophic event or information that may effect them such as a tube strike.There are two different types of news which is soft and hard news. Hard news usually takes a factual approach and it is about political and economic issues or development. However, soft news consists of stories which entertains the audience. They are usually about celebrity gossip or they are very lighthearted which is humorous to the audience. 

Before I started to write about the codes&conventions(genre) in a news broadcast. I first listed some common codes&conventions you would find along with some reasons to why its important in making the news broadcast as well as why it is there. The image on the left shows the planning/notes on each code&convention.

Research:

Code&Convention 1: Duration

Below you can see a piece of audio which is the full recording of the news from Radio Manchester. This is a code and convention because broadcast usually last 4-5min. This piece of news lasts for about 4min which means it fits the criteria of what makes a broadcast. The news isn't longer than this as it will become very boring to the listeners. It is also only giving a brief description of whats going on in the news as people tend to lose interest if one story is spoken about for too long.

Code&Convention 2: Jingle
The audio below is a clip from Radio Manchester and it is the jingle which indicates the start of the news broadcast. It is right at the beginning of the broadcast because it clearly informs the audience that the news is about to start.  It is usually identified as a 'jingle' or 'into music'. It also grasps the attention of the listeners because of the energy that is suddenly released through the sound.


Code&Convention 3: Time 
 This piece of audio is the presenter saying the time before the news is announced. This is because it informs the audience or the current time which might remind them of something they need to do at that specific moment. The time is also said the audience can use it as evidence when talking about the news for example in a conversation they would say 'did you watch the ten o'clock news?' or 'did you about what happened during the ten o'clock news?'. It just allows the audience to refer to a time when they heard about something. The time is also always given because the news is always being broadcast on the hour.




Code&Convention 4: Radio ID
The audio below is a snip from the full show saying  what local broadcast the audience is listening to. This is in a broadcast to remind the audience of where they are getting their news from which allows them to tell their friends who they tuned into to get their information. 



Code&Convention 5: Continuity Announcer
A continuity announcer is someone who fills in the gaps in a show. This can be seen below when the person continuity announcer is delivering to the audience what will be up next on the local news broadcast. This allows viewers to stay tuned in rather than turning off the local broadcast because of the silence which would be there if the continuity announcer didn't speak . This would be known as dead air if the continuity announcer didn't speak and their was silence which would mean viewers would be lost along with revenue.

Code&Convention 6: Interview
Interviews are usually about the people who are being reported about talking about the situation by either denying or confessing towards what has happened. It is used as a form of evidence to the audience as it is reassuring to them  because the person is giving their thoughts and opinion of the situation.It also gives different perspectives when there is an interview which shows that it isn't biased and other views are being respected.



Code&Convention 7: No Dead Air
After the presenter there is a short silence before a woman starts speaking and that silence lasts at least or less. This is because if it was longer the broadcast would lose listeners. This is because people would think the news is over or they would simply get bored from the long period of silence. This is why in broadcasts there is no dead air which means there isn't any silence and if there is it doesn't last more than 2sec because listeners as well as money would be lost.


Code&Convention 8:Weather
The weather is usually at the end of the broadcast in order to inform people of the conditions they may have to face later or the next day. This is in the broadcast as many listeners may need to know this information so they know whether or not if they need to change plans or what they are wearing . Its also a bit more peaceful to end the news broadcast than with something catastrophic.


Code&Convention 9: Outro Jingle
The outro jingle is the last thing you hear in the news broadcast as it indicates to the listeners that thews has officially ended for that particular hour. It also indicates that the station will carry on the show with topics that will be listed by the presenter after a short break. It is a way of ending the news lighthearted rather than on a serious note so they can be more relaxed when listening to whats coming up next. It also adds energy to the local broadcast after hearing something in the news which may not be pleasing and it helps wake up the listeners if they got bored listening to the news.


Code&Convention 10: Presenter ID:
A presenter ID is someone who states their name so the listeners can refer to them when saying who they received their news from. It also shows that the person is qualified in delivering the news to the audience which makes it much more trustworthy as they know that person is a professional in their field and therefore know what they are doing.

Commercial Radio News: 

Local news bulletin from a commercial sector:

Code&Convention 1: Duration
A code and convention of commercial radio is how long it lasts which is usually 5min for the whole news and announcements. However,if you listen to the recording below you will find that the news only lasts at least 2min and the rest is announcements of what's next on the show along with music. This is because people do not listen to capital for the news but it's compulsory for a radio station to have news which is why it is not very long.


Code&Convention 2:Chatty Tone
A common code and convention found in commercial radio is that the presenter is very casual when speaking to the audience, This is because the presenter wants the audience to not only feel comfortable but to create the illusion that they are having a conversation which makes the listeners feel more relaxed as there are no barriers.

Code&Convention 3:Interview
Commercial radio  tend to have interviews in their bulletin which makes it a code and convention. This is because interviews can be used as evidence in supporting what they are trying to tell people in the news as it supports their point.
Code&Convention 4:
No dead air a a code and convention of commercial radio as a few seconds of silence could result to many viewers being lost as they would think that the show has ended which means money will be lost. This is why the silence is always filled with some form of sound which is why the audio below is a count down as it is creative and prevents dead air from being present.

Code&Convention 5:Presenter ID
A presenter ID is a code and convention of commercial radio as it allows the audience to feel ore comfortable knowing who is talking to them. It also gives them someone to refer to when talking about what the presenter may have announced.
Code&Convention 6:Radio ID
Radio ID is a code and convention of commercial radio as it reminds the audience of who they are tuning into for information as well as entertainment.Radio ID also shows that they have a licence as they are able to broadcast which means the audience can trust them with what they are doing as they had to go through tests to be qualified.

Code&Convention 7:Time
A code and convention of commercial radio is announcing the time the news is being presented so the audience knows the time of when they were giving specific information. It allows the audience to refer to when discussing what they herd on the radio as every hour there is news.

BBC vs Commercial news:

During my research in BBC and Commercial news I discovered a numerous amount of differences between the two through the codes and conventions I analysed. One clear difference between BBC and the Commercial sector is that a Commercial news presenter has a chatty tone making them appear more casual and lay back unlike the BBC who have a much more serious tone when presenting the news to their audience. Another big difference between the two sectors is the duration of the news. This is because a BBC news lasts 4-5minutes without music in the background whereas a Commercial news bulletin lasts for 2-3minutes with music occupying most of the time. This is because each news station has to present news to their audience regardless of how short it is due to the fact that the person who gives the licences states that everyone is entitled to know what is going on around them which is why each station  regardless of who they appeal to has to have news in their broadcast.

Content Analysis on Commercial radio:

Below is a content analysis on commercial radio and it shows why certain news items are in the news bulletin. This can be identified through news values which we use in analysing the content to decide whether it is news worthy or not. The reason I did a content analysis on commercial radio was to make it easier in identifying the differences between the BBC and commercial radio. This is because in both commercial and BBC the codes and conventions will always remain the same but the content of the news will always change because their is always something happening everyday which will have to be shared so people are informed.

Headlines:	Content:	News Values:
Investigation on what caused a fire on a block of flats in Fairfield that morning	18 people including 4 children had to be rescued on Hampstead road- Fire crew says ‘it could have been aa lot worse but no one was seriously injured’	Timing-it happened in the past 24hours making it worthy news as people wouldn’t be interested if it didn’t happen the morning it was reported. Proximity-it happened in the local area which makes it news worthy as people in that area would want to know what happened. Impact- it is news worthy because it involved people including children being rescued. Badness- it is news worthy because it was a fire and people could have been seriously hurt.
A man has been arrested on suspicion for murdering Blake Browning on Monday night	24 year old is from Enfield and 2 other men were arrested the day before were bailed. Policemen want to know if any one saw a dark coloured hatch back on the night of the murder.	Timing- it happened in the last 24hours making it news worthy as it is recent. Proximity- the murder and arrests happened in the local area which makes it news worthy as people living there would want to know about someone being killed. This wouldn’t concern someone in another country or town as it wouldn’t affect them. Impact-it is news worthy as the investigation is still taking place which means roads may be blocked off meaning that people will have to find other routes. Badness- it is news worthy as someone was murdered which is bad news and people deserve to k w whether someone was killed in there area.
24 year old service men admitting to breaking into Wayne Romney’s cheesier home	Happened when the England captain was playing in his testimonial match	Celebrities- famous football captains’ house was broken into. Timing- it happened recently making it news worthy as fans would be interested in knowing what has happened to the person they admire.
First night of Capital Monster Mash up	Massive acts such as Martin Solveig and Chain-smokers. They told capital ‘they love performing in the UK ’- going to be at the Liverpool guild of students later ‘Interview’	Impact- it is news worthy as would want to know who is performing at the mash up. Proximity- it is news worthy as it is taking place in Liverpool which is their local area.
Capital Monster Mash up days	Capital Monster Mash up will be in London tomorrow and Manchester on Sunday	Impact-it is news worthy as people would want to know when the other mash up will take place if the missed the one in their local area especially since it could result to traffic and delays when coming to London or Manchester for the mash up.

Understanding Audiences:

Before I started understanding audiences with different demographics I viewed myself as an audience first and came up with the applications I use as well as what I enjoy in order to understand other audiences more as they may have similar habits to me.

There are many different types of social media such as Facebook, Instagram , Snapchat which is used by many different types of people as they allow people to connect with each other easily regardless of where they are.

Instagram:

 Instagram enables you to like and post images that that may have occurred in your life or an image which  may represent something to you. This allows you to express yourself through images or objects which is convenient as people may find it easier to express themselves as well as opinion with images rather than words. It also allows you to edit your pictures through filters and adjusting the lighting . This is photoshopping which is apart of media. It allows you to show off your photography skills with the help of photoshopping tools.This allows you to express yourself through images or objects which is convenient as people may find it easier to share their thoughts and opinions through images.

Snapchat:

Snapchat allows you to post short videos using filters which many people enjoy using as they find it amusing, It allows you to capture moments in your daily life which you could send or share with others. You can also doodle and write on your images and videos which is entertaining as it allows you to be creative. As you can see in the image at the side you can doodle as well as add captions to appear amusing.

Youtube:

Youtube allows you to upload videos about a variety of things and this is liked by many people regardless of age because everything is categorised to suit different audiences for example  comedy, gaming and music. You can also start your own channel and gain subscribers which not only allows you as a youtuber to express yourself but you entertain people who are interested in what you have to say, It is easy to find videos on different types of tutorials or how to get pass a level on a game you are struggling to get pass.
Youtube has made many people famous through their vlogging because of the wide audiences.

Above you can see a youtuber who is known as kingsley and he has over 3 million subscribers. His audience is young people as he discusses trends and what is going on with celebrities as well as shows. The reason so many people watch him is because he gives his opinion on the topics he discusses and because he is a comedian , pleasure is found when watching him as he is very funny. This is because he is humorous when criticising or giving his opinion on the topic or trend he is talking about. He also does videos on what his fans has asked him to make videos on which means the audience are getting what they ask for. The audience can say what they want him to comment or do a video on by simply leaving a comment or tweet.

The youtuber above is known as Zoella and she is a beauty vlogger which means her target audience is people who are into makeup, hair and skin. She has over 11 million subscribers as many different age groups watch her for tutorials on how to do a variety of things they may struggle with. This means she has a big influence on people because she is a beauty vlogger they turn to for help when in crisis or when your out of ideas. She is also quiet funny but her bubbly personality is what makes her attract a lot of people not only because of her make up tutorials but because she is fun to watch.

Youtubers tend to do colabs which is when two youtubers who have different channels come together to do a video together which is appreciated by the audience as it is more entertaining especially because they usually do challenges or games which are requested by fans.

Films:

Films are a big part of media as each film has a genre it fits into such as comedy or thriller.This is enjoyed by many people as everyone has their favourite genre which means large audiences view films with the genre they like as it appeals to them. Films are a big part of media as there are many different camera shots such as close ups and long shots.It also involves alot of sound engineering which makes up most of the film especially if it's an action film.

The public is the main audience but when producing something for a specific group of people its important to know what they would be interested in , so your production or piece is a success. Before creating something for a specific target audience you need to identify demographics which would apply to them. This will help you identify not only their interests but also the type of audience they are: niche or mass audience. A mass audience is when a large group of people are interested int he same thing where as a niche audience only targets a specific group of people.

Different examples a a demographic:

• Location
• Social Class
• Ethnicity
• Disabilities
• Culture
• Gender
• Age

Encoding/Decoding:

Stuart Hall is a sociologist who came up with a theory on the encoding and decoding of communication in 1973. He argued that the meaning of a piece of media is not fixed or determined by the sender it is what the audience believes or interpretates from the piece of data by what they believe.The producer(encoder)set(encoded) meaning in a certain way with their piece of media while the reader (decoder) decodes it differently due to their demographics,social situations or personal background.
Above is an image of a diagram which demonstrates the cycle of encoding/decoding a message or piece of media.It starts with the encoders (producer) message which is formed with their frame of knowledge developed from their own experiences. The piece of  data,media or programme is then seen by the audience who are the decoders.They will decode it differently as they have a different frame of knowledge along with different interpretations due to personal experiences.

Different Types of Readers/Viewers:

Negotiated Reader/Viewer: This is a reader/viewer who can disagree and agree with the message the encoder has sent using their own frame of knowledge . The audience decodes the message according to their views on society and culture .

Oppositional Reader/Viewer: An oppositional reader/viewer completely rejects the message of the piece of data/media. They decode the message according to their social beliefs rather than their frame of knowledge which might result in the audience decoding the intended message sent by the encoder. 

Dominant Reader/Viewer: A dominant reader/viewer agrees completely with the message sent by the encoder even if they decode it differently they will believe exactly what they see or what they are told rather than using their frame of knowledge or social beliefs. 

Below is a sample of news from BBC Radio Manchester which I will show how the different readers/viewers would decode the same piece of information the encoder has provided.

 Negotiated Reader/Viewer: This reader/viewer might agree that what she is doing to conceive a child for her late husband is not wrong since its her life and if she wants child then she can have one. However, they may also believe that since her husband has died its not good for the child since they wouldn't know their biological father. There is also the fact that its not a natural way to conceive a child since its through IVF. They can have either one of these views on the widow getting IVF as they can either agree or disagree with the persons choice.

Oppositional Reader/Viewer;This reader/viewer might completely reject the message instead of being happy for the widow being able to have a chile. This is because it is not completely natural to have IVF and they would be thinking more about the child's well being as they wouldn't have had the chance to meet/see their biological father. 

Dominant Reader/Viewer: This reader/viewer would agree completely with the court who told her to keep the child in IVF for 10 years rather than 2 since it is being dealt with professionals which means it is wiser to keep the child in it. They might also agree that her having a child as a widow is completely fine since it is what she wants and no one can stop her form conceiving. 

The Hypodermic Needle Theory:
The hypodermic needle theory was developed in the 1920s and 1930s. This theory suggests that the intended message sent by the encoder is completely accepted without decoding it; the message is accepted without questioning the content. Its a theory that suggests that the information is shot/injected into the brain.On the left there is a image that clearly shows this as the man is 'eating' everything the media is feeding him without stoping to think or question anything. This is a passive audience they don't get involved with what the media is telling them. 

The Cultivation Theory:

This theory was developed by George Gerbner and Larry Gross in 1976.The cultivation theory examines the long term effects of television which states that the more time you spend watching TV / spending  more time in the television world the more you come to believe in it which is a bit like brainwashing as the more something is repeated to you the more you come to believe in the reality presented to you on TV. One of the conclusions made by the cultivation theory in the Mean world syndrome which was a term used by George Gerbner to describe a violence related content of mass media which makes viewers believe that the world is more dangerous than it is.

Dominant Ideology:

An ideology in media is a system of values ,attitudes and beliefs which an individual or group of people hold to be important which is what helps the society to function . Therefore a dominant ideology is a strong belief ,attitudes,values and moral are shared by people in a society  which frames the way the people think when they consider what is right from wrong. It is a mechanism of social control as people who have the same morals and belief can live together without too many complications. For example in the UK the society believe that  we have the right to voice our own opinions 'freedom of speech'. This helps our society to function as people can voice their opinion and it is a strong belief that everyone is entitled to this without discrimination which is different in other society as they may not be entitled to freedom of speech because of fer or dictatorship which contradicts our values.

Audience Research Methods:

Primary Research-Primary research is when you do the research yourself through conducting questionnaires,surveys and interviews.
 We conducted an interview in Westfield  asking 4 questions which allowed us to find out about their local areas. Our interview comes under qualitative research which is type of research that allows you to uncover trends in thoughts and opinions.The reason we chose Westfield to gather information was because it allowed us to easily access a diversity of people. This allowed us to figure out demographics which could effect their answers as well as our final production.

The 4 questions we asked in our interview were ....

• How well do you know your area? 
• What do you like to do in your area?
• What would you like to improve in your area?
• What news would you like to hear about if your local area had a news bulletin?

Below is one of our successful interviews  with the questions(above) I asked in order to get a better understanding of my audience. From the interview I learned that location is  a key demographic due to the fact that traffic and delays may be common in that specific are which people who locally live their would want to know about.

The interviews above are from workers in Westfield which is a shopping centre in Shepherds bush. The reason Jason and I decided to interview workers their is simply because if they work their everyday they must have a clear understanding of the area as well as what they would find interesting or relevant in a news bulletin about that specific location.

What made our interviews successful?
Our interview was successful as we were able to gather information about our audience as we were able to understand a few topics they may be interested in for example if their was something that was going to delay them from getting to work they would like to be informed so they could use a different route.This was useful as it allowed us to get an idea of relevant subjects they would be interested in as an audience.

What makes an interview successful?

• Ask questions relevant to the topic.
• The questions should provoke new ideas which means they should be open questions.This should result to a clear understanding on the topic as you should gain a variety of answers. 
• Find out what news would be relevant in their area(suits our brief to create a news bulletin).
• You should be able to identify demographics from the conducted interviews.

Secondary Research-Secondary research is when when you research into existing sources rather than creating your own piece of data. 

This spreadsheet with data came from a website called RAJAR which gives information on the amount of views and shares of local news bulletin which was useful in in finding out about the different amount of views as well as money made in rural and urban areas. This is important as it allows us to make a judgement on the demographic of location and whether it affects the audience significantly.

This can be seen in the screenshot below where Manchester only has 5.7% of the views which says a lot about the people  due to the fact that it is a rural area and information about the news cant be accessed that easily because geographically the signal isn't very good especially for something that is live.However, on Capital there is a smaller percentage of people who listen to the radio in order to retrieve information 4.8%.  This is due to the fact that there are other ways to access information for Capital since they have their own TV programme which means people can watch the news on tv or they can simply find it online. They also post their events on their website along with posting videos on their youtube channel which can easily be accessed. This makes their radio listeners smaller as their are alternatives in order to find out information.

What is a local news bulletin?

Local news is the coverage of events through the news in local context. This would be made to suit the interests of the people in that locality. A bulletin is a short radio or television broadcast of news reports. A local news bulletin is news coverage on events in the interests of the people who  are local in the form of a short radio news broadcast or television program. In order to make a local news bulletin you will need to know the demographics of the specific local area you are creating you news bulletin for so it would be interesting for the people who are local their.

Evaluation- Blog Walkthrough:

 

Capital SB Production:

Our task is to create a 5 minute news bulletin which is a code and convention of how long a news bulletin should last. This production requires my production team to to complete a various amount of tasks such as:

• Duration- it must last 5 minutes 
• Must contain a range of news elements 
• Local radio news bulletin codes and conventions 
• To be in a group 4 (mix gender) and give specific tasks in order to meet the deadline.

Our show is called Capital SB which is about news in Shepherds bush which will appeal to the people as it would inform them about anything important in that area.

My Group:
Sophia Tiwari 6139(myself)
Role=Editor, Co-presenter,Script writer , responsible for crime and transport stories
Shaneia Da Costa 6031
Role= Editor ot the jingle and outro, responsible for politics and education, the outside broadcast correspondent for news item 1
Jason Hall 6059
Role= Main presenter,script writer, responsible for health and entertainment stories
Eduardo- http://eduardoporfiriodesouza2016.blogspot.co.uk/
Role= sound engineer and responsible for weather also drones news item research.

Jingle:

The jingle was designed by Shaneia  because she already had an idea of what instruments to use. In order to  make the Jingle, she used a software called GarageBand and decided to use pre recorded instruments. She then layered them after picking out what she needed.She decided to keep the music in 4/4,which is 4 beats in a bar. The jingle is in C major. She firstly chose to add an underlying melody and the instrument chosen for the main melody is the saxophone. 


She then decided to add a drum beat which was kept in a 4 beat movement. The drumbeat was layered with a saxophone.

Another instrument was added in order to play another melody , the jingle could appear more complex. This instrument happened to be a guitar which can be easily identified as it has been added underneath the drumbeat in the screenshot.

The last melody was added which corresponded well with the saxophone melody  which is evident in the screenshot on the left.






The final step Shaneia had to take in order to complete our bulletins jingle was to loop the three times. She did this in order to help with the editing process when we would have to decide whether we wanted it to be layered when the presenter was speaking or not.



 Jingle:

Daft 2:
After having a discussion about the jingle above we all decided that it was unfit to be used in our bulletin as it appeared to lively for hard news , which lead to the creation of another jingle that is better suited for our news bulletin. 

Shaneia decided to record the jingle using chords she made herself making it a bit more original. She kept the music in 4/4 which is 4 beast in a bar along with the jingle being in C major. She wanted a main melodic idea so everything is clear which is why the chords are played fast with a piano.

She then decided to add the same melody but change the instrument to strings. The strings were played with same chords being held for a whole beat.

A drum beat was added due to the fact that the jingle sounded depressing so in order to lighten the mood a bit a drum beat was added especially since there is soft news in our bulletin.

The dynamics of the piano melody were changed at the end which made the last motif of the chords noticeable. This will enable the jingle to be embedded in the audience's head .

The dynamics of the drum beat were changed  in order to coincide the change of the dynamics of the piano. This enabled the last chords to be more noticeable to the audience. The melody then faded out at the end .

Completed Jingle:

Week 1:Health

News item 1:Wahaca and the Norovirus 

Provenance:  This news item was found through secondary research by Jason and he used two websites to gather information. He first used the the 'metro' in order to get a brief summary of the event and it allowed him to identify a few witnesses. The second website he used was a local website which was useful as it was about our local area which means their would be more detail about the occurrence.This local news website is called 'Shepherds bush W12'.This website allowed him to identify governmental  views along with the actual spokesperson of Wahaca view of the situation.

Draft 1:
The script was re-drafted due to the fact that we needed to make our piece more concise with getting the information across to our audience since they only get to hear it once which means when they listen to our bulletin it must be clear a d easy to understand.



This is a daft of the script being rewritten several times so the news we get across can be heard once by the audience and be understood since they cant reply  what has been said.
We also had to make sure the information we said was relevant which meant we had to cut information out , that we thought wasn't necessary. This is when we decided to keep all the statistical information and removed information on the location since we though it wasn't necessary because our news is based in Shepherds bush which means the location would be obvious to the audience.








Below is our completed script for our first news item.

Name	Content	News Value
Jason	Hi, I’m Jason Hall and you’re here with Capital S.B
Jason	Wahaca, has been closed since 3rd November due to a suspected outbreak of the Norovirus, causing 200 workers and 160 customers have fallen ill across several chains, such as Soho and Convent Garden. We interviewed the Deputy Director for Health Protection who says	Bad News Impact Timelines Proximity
Deputy Director for Health Protection	We’re investigating the source of the chain of illnesses, while it is not confirmed, it is still under investigation	Interview
Jason	We also interviewed a pregnant customer who says
Customer	“Fortunately my baby wasn’t affected, but I’ve emailed Wahaca and still haven’t heard anything”

We also interviewed the Deputy of the Health department  to find out more about the virus but we were only told they are still investigating. The interview was done over the phone. We interviewed a heath inspector because we thought that our audience would be interested in what the Deputy of Health has to say towards a virus outbreak since he is an important person and his opinion would be valued but we also spoke to a costumer at Wahaca to find out about what they thought since they are important as well.This interview can be seen below which is the original copy of the interview we had with the deputy.
The interview below is the cited version of the one above which was adjusted not sound as if it were a phone call. We used the 'effects' tool in order to make it sound as if it was a conversation on the phone.

In order to make the phone call seem realistic we used 'effects' in order to change the sound by using equalization and highpass filter. This allowed our piece of audio to sound as if it is a phone call being made.










After  researching and creating our first new item based on health we realised our piece could be improved. We looked over the script of our first news item and decided that in order to make our news more successful we need to be more informative so we did some primary research to discover how many restaurants are int he UK and where is Wahaca's main office is based. We discovered that there are 24 Wahaca's that are across the UK along with its main office being based in Waterloo. This allowed our piece to come along as more factual.
We wrote on our script  to show what we have changed along with deciding what more could have been done. This can be seen below...



Draft 2:
We realised many adjustments could be changed in this news item so we looked over the script to make relevant changes.






The main reason for changing the script was to add in more relevant information which included statistics. This was done so it would be more informative and relevant to the local people.




















Before we recorded we needed to make sure that our recording sound will be good so we checked the microphone level making sure it was always green and it was around at least -12 when recording. If it was read it just showed that the recording wasn't good since it would be too loud and pitched making it unclear.





As you can see we have decided to remove the phone call interview and do an outside broadcast at the Wahaca main office with Shaneia being the specialist presenter. We also added in a sound effect which sound like traffic since the broadcast is from the city which means a lot of traffic so in order to create that specific atmosphere we used a website called www.freesound.org   where sounds can be downloaded for free.

 This is a screenshot of the sound effect we have picked out to use which is London central traffic. This allows Shaneia's speaking part to appear as if she is actually in central London doing the outside broadcast when in reality she isn't.

This is the actual full sound effect we downloaded from free sound and in order for it to fit with our show we cut pieces of it since it was too long. We also used tools in order to make sure that the sound doesn't overlap with the voice of whoever is presenting. The full sound effect is approximately 2 minutes long and we only need a few seconds. The full version can be seen below.

Despite getting the sound effect and cutting pieces of it we needed to use the envelop tool which enabled us to to make the sound fade in and out at specific areas so whoever is speaking can be herd easily without any difficulties. This is because reports are never repeated on the news which means that when the presenter speaks they need to be loud and clear so it is understood the first time said.

We also used the sync lock tool which allowed us to group pieces of audio together. This was useful as during editing we had to split recorded pieces since we deleted and added sections. In order to add in a section we need to group the pieces of audio together and this was easily done with the sync lock tool. We grouped the presenter and sound effects together after recording and editing it all so it will be easier to look over since it will be in sections. 

You can also see that when Jason presents himself he states the time and the reason we did this was to fulfill a code and convention which is typically found in news. He stated the time because in news bulletins it is a code and convention for the presenter to state the time which is always on the hour due to the fact that news is always distributed to the audience on the hour.

As you can see below we created a table to indicate clearly to us what each news item will include. This helped to make our lives a bit easier since we knew exactly the order of how our bulletin should be as well as what tools and softwares we have used to make our bulletin. It also allows us too see if we are meeting what is asked of us; its almost like a checklist.

No.	News Item	Meeting the brief		Audacity tool/Garage Band/Fruity Loops
1		Title Music /Jingle		Reaper / Garage Band
2	Wahaca Scare	Presenter & OB		Envelope Tool & Sync Tool
3	Brexit	Presenter & Vox pop		Fade in & Envelope Tool
4	Crime	Presenter		Clip Boundaries & Amplify
5	Transport	OB & Interview		Time Shift & Sync Lock
6	BBC documentary (Entertainment)	Presenter & Interview
7	Moana	Presenter & Vox pop
8	Weather	Presenter		Time shift
9		Jingle	Garage Band
10		Theme music	Reaper

News item 1: Production final piece 

Week 2: Politics 

News item 2:
Provenance: This weeks news item was researched my Shaneia;she researched into politics and she decided to retrieve information from the internet which is secondary research. Her news story is about Theresa May, the current prime minister insisting on Brexit taking place. We also did some primary research in order to to gather information on peoples opinion on Brexit after 2 years. This was useful in helping us to create our vox pop. In order to do this we went to the Shepherds bush shopping centre,Westfield and asked people what they thought.

First we gathered all the important information from the article in order to construct our script. This is because we didn't  want to bombard our audience with too much information since they only get to listen to our bulletin one time. This means we have to be very selective with our information in order to make it effective.

The script below is a draft of what we planned on doing for our news item; where we would have two interviews one with the prime minister and the other with a government official about the situation. However, we decided to change this ad instead have a vox pop with the people's opinion rather than political people since their opinion would be easy to find unlike the opinion from the public as many people had a variety of opinions of the referendum. We also cut the statistics since that would be easy to find online and they would have already know about the percentage of who opted in or out since it was in June.

	Content	time
Jason	The high court ruled on the 3rd of November that parliament should have a say before the UK implements article 50 of the Lisbon treaty, which will set in motion up to two years of formal EU withdrawal talks Interview
Interview (Teresa May)	"I've been clear the next general election should be in 2020. "The government is getting on with the job in delivering what people voted for on 23 June, which was for Britain to leave the European Union. We're going to put that in to practice."
Jason	In the UK-wide referendum in June voters opted by 51.9% to 48.1% in favour of leaving the EU. Secretary David Davis gave the government's official response to the High Court's ruling, telling MPs the referendum result "must be respected and delivered"
Interview (David Davis)	"There must be no attempt to remain inside the EU now, attempting it behind the back door or a second referendum.

The image on the left clearly shows the change in our script which was to remove the interview with David Davis and Theresa May as we believed that a vox pop would be better suited in this news item. This is due to the fact that it would consist of different opinions which would either intrigue or anger our audience, either way they would still be able to listen to different views.









We even decided to make it flow better to our vox pop by our presenter swiftly introducing a correspondent for the vox pop to make sure the show didn't seem out of order with its correspondents and presenter.

Vox pop:
We went around asking people about their opinion on Brexit for this news item. The question we  asked was 'what do you think about Britain leaving the EU?'. The reason we asked this question for this item is because the people have the right to share their opinion on this political occurrence. We also asked this because we knew that we would have a variety of opinions which would help make this news item more interesting and not biased as opinions are given.

Draft 2:

Script REDO

When we looked over the script we realised that it could be more concise so we decided to change our script to make it more relevant to the people living in Shepherds bush and this was done by taking away any information we found irrelevant. We also picked out points we thought were vague and made it more in dept. By making these changes to the script it allowed us to to come across clearer to our audience without wasting their timed with information which wouldn't benefit them. The edited script can be seen below.

We had to do a variety of edits to our vox pop. This included gathering more information on the question we asked members of the public. This is because we needed a variety of voices in our vox pop instead of it being all the same. We realised that in our vox pop the only difference was the different genres and a slight change in accent so we decided to get a few more recordings. 



After recording we needed to amplify our vox pop due to the fact that it sounded a bit soft which wouldn't be beneficial to the audience since the news can not be repeated, so we amplified our audio.This  would allow the audience to receive the information once without being confused or misinterpreting what has been said. 








For the vox pop we also used www.freesound.org    in order to download sound effects. The reason we had to do this was to make our vox pop seem more natural rather than having dead air which would bore the audience. This is because having a variety of voices without any background sound seems a bit unnatural as well as boring to listen to, so by having a sound effect the background it gives the impression that people are being stopped and are generally giving their opinion rather than having a variety of voices one after the other.

Fading in editing

We used the fade in tool which allowed the audio sound of our recording to change pitch. This is because it enabled us to make certain parts of our audio be high pitched whilst others were lower. The reason we had to use this tool was simply because certain parts of our recording was too loud which hand to be changed as listening to audio without a steady pitch wouldn't benefit our audience.

Envelope tool edit

We also used the envelop tool which enabled us to subtly change the volume of certain parts of our vox pop allowing the piece of audio to fit smoothly with the rest of the recordings. This is due to the fact that it would make our bulletin run smoothly without it suddenly sounding abrupt. 

News item 2: Production piece

Week 3:Crime

News item 3:

Provenance: 

This news story was about the forth person being arrested due to a murder of a person in that area. I discovered this news item when I overheard people talking about  the arrest (primary research), so I decided to research a bit more about it online to find out more factual information. This would make our news reliable to the local people.My secondary research was done on this website
http://www.getwestlondon.co.uk/news/west-london-news/fourth-person-arrested-police-continue-12193315.

For the script I picked out all the important information due to the fact that our brief said that our entire bulletin has to be 5 minutes which meant each item had to under a minute including any outside broadcasts or interviews, so I made the decision to select all the important information such as who did it, their age, nationality and the are they are from. This helped me to form a piece of dialogue for our presenter.

Draft 2:
We then edited the script because we realised that it was very vague and we could elaborate on who the suspect was which was why we found out the suspects nationality as well as where he was from. We also conducted some secondary research in order to find out about how many people die in the year annually as it is relevant to the people living in the area. It is also important because because the per on who was murdered in our news item adds to that statistical coin. We decided to include this due to the fact that statistical information makes our story more factual and therefore more relevant to the inch audience of Shepherds Bush.

We used the clip boundaries tool which allowed us too split and join audio together. This allowed us to easily add and remove pieces of audio without any problems. This tool was frequently used in this news item due to the fact that Jason struggled without the pronunciation of the suspects and roads name as saying it in one go was difficult. This is why this tool was useful in making this news item flow when cutting and adding sound.

This is the muti-tool which is a select tool and envelop tool combined. This made editing much easier and because it did the job of two tools, it allowed us too save time during our editing which was very useful considering the fact that we had a variety of news items to get through so discovering a tool which can help achieve the same thing allowed us to speed up the process of our bulletin creation.

News item 3:Production piece

Week 4: Transportation

News item 4:

Provenance: For this news item I herd from a friend that there was a crash so to find out more information about it I went online and discovered what really happened. This story is about a pedestrian being hit and taken into hospital nearby. This caused a few roads to be closed for a few hours. We decided this would be a good news item since it informed people of roads which were closed which would effect the public's daily routine. This news story will be done as an outside broadcast because we thought it would be more effective reporting at the place the accident took place.  

I wrote a draft for the script and Jason reviewed it. The script was very vague about the incident which we didn't realise until we obviously reviewed the script. Even though it went through a lot of editing the original draft was useful as it was a foundation of where we should start, it also allowed us   to identify faults in our script which gave us the opportunity to improve it so our audience receives the right amount of information which is relevant.

We went to the area where the crash took place to find out more about what people thought about the crash and crashes in  that area. The reason we thought this would be a good interview because it links to the crash and it allows us to know how much people know about what takes place in their are. This allowed us to find out that people are unaware of the bad events that take place in their area which encourages us more to create a local news bulletin for this specific area as people are uninformed about what happens around them , making this news bulletin necessary.

This is an image showing Jason and I interviewing a pedestrian about the crash which took place across the road. Since the crash took place near a a park we though it would be easier to ask people questions since a park is bound to have people. However, it was difficult as people had place to be and meetings to get too which made it difficult in gathering information as people weren't willing to give up a few minutes of their time. This woman was on her way to a school nearby to pick up her child and she didn't mind answering our question since it only took a maximum of two minutes.

We used the fit project tool which is users to simply fit all the audio files on the screen into one view which means you wouldn't have to scroll up and down or side to side in order to view pieces of audio. This was very useful as it allowed us to see the construction of our news bulletin which was effective in seeing our progress as well as what codes and conventions we are missing since we could see the whole production on one screen. This is why we decided to add a short interview in since it is a code and convention which is found in a local news bulletin.

Draft2:

The script was edited in order to be more specific for our target audience because we didn't want to bombard our audience with too much information as they wouldn't be able to take it all in and understand it which is very important because the aim is to make sure they understand what the presenter has said the first time due to the fact that we can not repeat ourselves.

We used the trim audio tool to crop different pieces of audio which was done by highlighting pieces of audio by clicking on the tool allowing the outer layers of audio not highlighted to be cut. 

News item 4: Production piece :

Week 5: Hospital

Provenance:

This news item was found by Jason who discovered through a conversation with a friend which is primary research. In this conversation Jason was given a brief summary about this documentary release from a friend bu in order to make the content more relevant and specific he did some secondary research to find out more information. He first used https://www.imperial.nhs.uk/about-us/bbctwohospital which gave him a brief summary of what the documentary will be about and then he used http://www.shepherdsbushw12.com/ which gave additional information on the what this series is about and some statistical information which allowed our bulletin to be more informative towards our audience.

Old script(bottom) to new script(top)

We then constructed a script with the information found by Jason through picking out the important information which was found in Jason's research. We decided to have a summary of what the show is about along with the time it will be released.








We used the fit selection tool which allowed us to view certain sections of audio by highlighting certain parts of audio with the 'selection tool'. By clicking on this tool the highlighted area would zoom in further into the audio which allowed editing to be made easier as zooming into specific sections of audio improved the quality of  our production piece.

We decided to add a snippet from the trailer of this documentary saying what it is called and the time as well as what channel it will be showing on. We thought this would be a more creative way of getting across to our audience about this new series.This is simply because the bulletin consists of mostly Jason's voice who is the main presenter so we thought that changing the voice will draw people in to what is being said as we believed that our audience would get bored from just hearing one voice.

Draft 2: 
The only proper change we made towards this news item was the content which means we changed the script by altering some of the information we originally planned on broadcasting to our audience. The reason we changed this was because we believed that it could've been made more local by referring to what hospital 'Charring Cross' which made this news item appear to be more local. We also got rid of any information we believed was irrelevant or we made our information more concise. This made this news item appear to be one of the shortest with the exception of weather. Despite, this the news item gave a lot of information which is concise towards our audience allowing us to save time for any longer news item as we have a brief where our entire news bulletin must be 5 minutes .



News item 5:

Week 6: Moana vs Drones

Provenance: 

There wasn't much research done into Moana due to the fact that I watched the film, so I already had information on what it was about, so we planned on making our news item on this new disney release with the script consisting of a short description on what the film is about along with a vox pop about what people generally thought of the film. The script making was simple as it was all primary research. We were also in the dilemma of whether or not this news item should be about the film 'Split' or 'Moana' since we already had information on both due to the fact that we have already watched it so we knew everything we needed to know. After a long debate we cam to the conclusion that our news item should be on 'Moana' since it is more light hearted.

The script simply stated a brief summary of the film along with the effect it had on the shepherds bush audience This was then followed by our entertainment correspondent who gave a more detailed summary of the film before the vox pop of opinions. 

The vox pop was a simple question asked to the audience which is 'what do you think of the movie Moana?' Through this vox pop we gathered a variety of different answers due to the demographics we had access to such as age,gender and ethnicity which enabled us to gain  a variety of answers.

However, we did not use this as our sixth news item due to the fact that it focused completely on entertainment which couldn't have been done since the news item before was about a documentary which counts as a form of entertainment, so it had to be changed to something different as it isn't a code and convention to have the same type of news item follow each other. Another problem we discovered with this news item was that it wasn't local but rather international since the film has been released all over the world which makes it locality as it doesn't link to the local people at all.  This irrelevant news item was replaced to be about drones and school slashes.

Below is the completed Moana news item we were going to use before we decided to have this news item be about Drones.

News item 6 (Real)

Draft 2:Drones

Hammersmith and Fulham council have implemented a problem detection system, managed by drones

Provenance:
This news item was found through secondary research by Eduardo who found all the information he needed on this particular website www.lbhf.gov.uk  . This website gave him access to potential news items as it offered many different events which has been happening in the local area shepherds bush. This website was useful in allowing us to obtain greater knowledge about what happens in the area.

The script consisted of the main presenter outlining the event and going into depth about the situation as it argued the advantages through the use of drones whilst returning to the simple view point, so the audience doesn't get confused with the amount of information being given to them. Despite, this being the outline of our script we decided to change it by adding more descriptive language in order to emphasise the view of having drones more to our listeners rather than saying it was simply 'ugly'. We decided that adding the words 'invasive' would make the statement hold more value as it is together with the word 'ugly'.

The most frequently used tool throughout this production in every news bulletin was the DB scale. This scale focuses on the performance of the sound audio which it could be argued to be the most important tool throughout this production. This is because without this tool we wouldn't've been able to differentiate between a good piece of audio recorded and a horrible piece of audio recorded. Throughout this production piece the audio we recorded needed to stray between -12DB and -6DB so the recording would sound natural with emphasis  of having  no peeks as well as no overly quiet areas which allowed the show to flow smoothly without any abrupt noises. This scale can be seen below.

News item 6:

Week 7:Schools

Provenance:
This news item was found through secondary research by Jason who had to find a newsworthy topic that would take a large proportion of time when recording so in our news item but short and long news can be identified. This is important as it adds variety and keeps the audience interested. If all our news items were long it would be boring for our audience to listen too and if our news items were too short then people would lose interest quickly as they wouldn't be recieving alot of information which defeats the whole purpose of news; to inform. Jason found all the information he needed through using this website www.lbhf.gov.uk as it gave him all the relevant information he needed.

When constructing the script then news item followed the main presenter who gave an outline of the event with specific details which were relevant to the locals. There would also be an interview with an important person in this news item in order to emphasise the importance of the event  and in order to give additional information to the audience which may be relevant. After  discussing the outline of the potential final script we decided that the interview should take up at least half of the news item which would consist of half of the information said by the presenter in the potential piece . This is because having a change in voice would keep the audience engaged rather than boring them with the same voice for a long period of time. This created a simple text for our presenter with a pro longed interview to keep the audience engaged. Itt fits in the code and convention of having an interview and by having it pro longed it makes it more obvious that is an interview.

Interview:
We decided form the beginning that this news item would consist of having an interview which would take up a quarter of this news item. This means that this interview would only be giving a small amount of information while the main presenter delivered all the information to the audience. This was decided at first as we believed it wold be easier for the audience to know about this situation with them being directly told, however we then realised it would be boring especially coming from a student who may not be seen as significant as the school governor or chairman. This is why the interview was changed to the principle of Fulham academy and Chairman of the school forum Peter Haylock who we believed had more value to or news item than the student,It was then decided that the interview would take up half of the news item because it would engage the audience more and Peter Haylock gave important, relevant information that our presenter didn't have to say.

News item 7:

Week 8: Weather

Provenance:

This research was done through secondary research by Eduardo using the BBC website in order to make our information more accurate. Jason also helped Eduardo so the time spent on this news item wasn't much with two people researching to make sure the information is accurate. The statistical information gathered helped us to form a script with relevant content making this news item known to be one of our shortest.

The script was simple and short . It didn't require alot of editing since the information gathered was straightforward enough for our audience.

News item 8;

Week 9: Bob Marley

Provenance:

This research consisted of both primary and secondary as the information we first received wasn't enough to form a informing script which led to us doing further research online. It was primary research due to the fact that we found out about this news item from our media teacher who was talking about Bob Marley records being found at a hotel during the time we were searching for a news item We decided to use this news item since it was still considered local as it was still in West London and not far from Shepherd Bush. We also decided to use this news item because throughout our local news bulletin we realised that there was barely any joyful news so in order to make it less depressing we decided to use this news item. To retrieve more information we did a bit of research online to get specific details.

After gathering all the information we needed we constructed a script which wasn't long but was edited a few times in order to capture the audience's attention. This meant that we had to change how we worded our information since it would have an impact on who was listening due to the fact that not everyone ii interested in lost records being found so we changed the structure of the script  so our audience would stay tuned in.







We also decided to add a snippet of Bob Marley's lost record tune; 'jamming'. This song played throughout the news item to keep the audience tuned in also because it seemed like a nice way to hint that we were coming to the end of our news bulletin.

News item 9:

 Local News Bulletin:

Before the show could be considered we made a news cline which shows where each news item fit in terms of hard news and soft news which was extremely useful in ordering our news items as it allowed us to be able to place items in the order of its importance.

Even after completing the news cline created above we decided to colour code each news item to maach the colours of a PH scale which would clearly indicate the to us more creatively where each item should go along with why. If it was red then it would be first as it is not only hard news but it holds great importance whereas purple or blue would be soft news as it isn't very important in informing people.

Semi-Final: Local Bulletin:

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Final:

The audio below is our completed radio news bulletin with subtle changes to the the one above (semi final) these changes include adding two more sound effects, editing the vox pop since we realised one of the voices couldn't be comprehended properly and the david davis extract piece was edited.

Evaluation questions:

1.In what ways does your media product use, develop or challenge forms and conventions of real media products?


(Sound Effects Below)
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David Davis-
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2.How does your media product represent particular social groups?
In order to listen to the audio pieces in the screenshot click on the labeled sound cloud embedded audio.

Audio Piece 1:



Audio Piece 2:



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Audio Piece 6:


3.What kind of media institution might distribute your media product and why?
Below is a video which answers the question shown above .



4.Who would be the audience for your media product?




 5.How did you attract/address your audience? 




This is us actually in the process of making the video below.





6.What have you learnt about technologies from the process of constructing this product? 



This is us actually sorting out each others parts on Activinspire along with who will operate the computer and who will hold the portable microphone.

7.Looking back at your preliminary task, what do you feel you have learnt in the progression from it to the full product?


This us timing ourselves for exactly ten seconds of speaking for each heading in this question in order to fit the time set on light room which was the application used to create the video below.